التحضير لاختبار الكتابة IELTS PREPARATION WRITING

تكوين الكتابة

The writing component

اختبار الكتابة إيلتس يستغرق ساعة واحدة. في هذا الوقت يطلب منك إكمال مهمتين.

The IELTS writing test takes one hour. In this time you are required to complete two tasks.

الإختبار الأول: هو تقرير يستند إلى بعض المعلومات البيانية المقدمة في ورقة السؤال. مع استثناءات قليلة، سوف تأتي المعلومات البيانية في واحد من خمسة أشكال - رسم بياني خطي، الرسم البياني الشريطي، مخطط دائري، جدول أو رسم بياني يوضح عملية. يطلب منك أن تصف المعلومات أو العملية في تقرير من 150 كلمة. يجب أن تكتمل هذه المهمة في 20 دقيقة. من المهم أن تكون معتادا على اللغة المناسبة للإبلاغ عن الكتابة بشكل عام ولكل نوع من أنواع التقارير الخمسة.

TASK ONE is a report based on some graphic information provided on the question paper. With few exceptions, the graphic information will come in one of five forms – a line graph, bar graph, pie chart, table or diagram illustrating a process. You are required to describe the information or the process in a report of 150 words. This task should be completed in 20 minutes. It is important  that you are familiar with the language  appropriate to report writing generally and to each of the five types of report.

الاختبار الثاني: هو مقال يستند إلى موضوع معين في ورقة السؤال. يجب عليك كتابة 250 كلمة على الأقل في 40 دقيقة.

TASK TWO is an essay based on a topic given on the question paper. You should write at least 250 words in 40 minutes.

من المهم أن تبقی ضمن الحدود الزمنیة الموصی بھا لأن المھمة الثانیة تحمل وزنا أکبر في نقاط الفرقة النھائیة من المھمة الأولی. تذكر أن الكتابة اليدوية غير مقروء سوف يقلل النتيجة النهائية الخاصة بك.

It is important that you keep within the advised time limits as Task Two carries more weight in your final band score than Task One. Remember that illegible handwriting will reduce your final score.

اختبار الكتابة الأول: الرسم البياني خط واحد

Writing task one:  single line graph

وصف المهمة

سيتم منحك رسم بياني بخط واحد. مهمتك هي كتابة تقرير 150 كلمة لوصف المعلومات الواردة في الرسم البياني. لا يطلب منك أن تعطي رأيك.

يجب أن تنفق حوالي عشرين دقيقة على المهمة. المهمة الأولى لا يستحق العديد من علامات مهمة 2 وهكذا يجب عليك التأكد من أن تبقي ضمن إطار زمني عشرين دقيقة الموصى بها.

Task description

You will be given a graph with a single line. Your task is to write a 150 word report to describe the information given in the graph. You are not asked to give your opinion.

You should spend around twenty minutes on the task. Task one is not worth as many marks as task two and so you should make sure that you keep within the recommended  twenty minute time frame.

ما يجري اختباره هو قدرتك على:

• وصف موضوعي للمعلومات المقدمة لك

• تقرير عن موضوع دون استخدام الرأي

• استخدام لغة مناسبة لوصف الرسم البياني

What is being tested is your ability to:

• objectivelydescribe the information given to you

• report on a topic without the use of opinion

• use suitable language to describe the graph

عند الانتهاء من المهمة

كيف إجابتك هل هي جيدة ؟ تحقق من الإرشادات في الصفحة التالية وقراءة إجابة العينة.

When you’ve finished the task

How good is your answer? Check the guidelines on the next page and read the sample answer.

إرشادات لإجابة جيدة

•هل لدى التقرير هيكل مناسب؟

• هل لديها مقدمة، هيئة واستنتاج؟

• هل تتضمن الكلمات الضامنية لجعل الكتابة متماسكة داخل الجمل والفقرات؟

Guidelines for a good answer

¨  Does the report have a suitable structure?

¨      Does it have an introduction,  body and conclusion?

¨      Does it include connective words to make the writing cohesive within sentences and paragraphs?

• هل يستخدم التقرير قواعد ومفردات مناسبة؟

• هل تشمل مجموعة متنوعة من هياكل الجملة؟

• هل تتضمن مجموعة من المفردات المناسبة؟

¨   Does the report use suitable grammar and vocabulary?

¨      Does it include a variety of sentence structures?

¨      Does it include a range of appropriate vocabulary?

• هل يلبي التقرير متطلبات المهمة؟

• هل تلبي متطلبات الحد الأقصى لعدد الكلمات؟

• هل تصف الرسم البياني بأكمله بشكل كاف؟

• ھل ترکز علی التوجھات الھامة الواردة في المعلومات الرسمیة؟

¨   Does the report meet the requirements of the task?

¨      Does it meet the word limit requirements?

¨      Does it describe the whole graph adequately?

¨      Does it focus on the important trends presented in the graphic information?

Sample answer

What do you think?

What is your opinion of this sample answer? How well does it meet the requirements of the guidelines? Read the next page for a teacher's comments on this answer.

Teacher's comments on the sample answer

Here is what an IELTS teacher said about the sample answer.

Strategies for improving your IELTS score

Selecting information

It is important that you describe the whole graph fully. However, this does not mean that you should note every detail. In most cases there will be too much information for you to mention each figure. You will therefore need to summarise the graph by dividing it into its main parts. This is what we mean by describing the trends.

For example, in a chronological line graph it might seem sensible to describe the information year by year or period by period. The graph above gives the information in five year sections so we could write our report like this:

While this way of describing the information may be accurate, it does not meaningfully sum up the information in the graph. In fact, the information in the graph would most meaningfully be described in four chronological sections following the shape of the graph.

In the Sample Task, the graph shows four main trends:

¨      first, a gradual increase from 1960 to 1968

¨      second, a steeper increase from 1968 to 1977

¨      third, a plateau from 1977 to 1983

¨      fourth, a drop from 1983 to 1988

The structure of the report must show these four main trends clearly.

Report structure

Your report should be structured simply with an introduction, body and conclusion. Tenses should be used appropriately.

Introduction

Use two standard opening sentences to introduce your report. These opening sentences should make up the first paragraph. Sentence one should define what the graph is about; that is, the date, location, what is being described in the graph etc. For example:

Notice the tense used. Even though it describes information from the past, the graph shows the information in the present time.

Notice that the sample opening sentence does not simply copy the words used on the graphic material. Copied sentences will not be assessed by the examiner and so you waste your time including them.

Describing the overall trend

Sentence two (and possibly three) might sum up the overall trend. For example:

Notice the tense used. Here we are talking about the occurrence of the disease in the past.

Describing the graph in detail

The body of the report will describe the graph or graphs in detail. You will need to decide on the most clear and logical order to present the material. Line graphs generally present information in chronological order and so the most logical order for you to write up the information would, most probably be from earliest to latest. Bar graphs, pie charts are organised in different ways and so you need to decide on the organisationof each one.

Concluding sentences

Your report may end with one or two sentences which summarise your report to draw a relevant conclusion.

Grammar and vocabulary Avoiding repetition

You will receive a higher mark if your writing uses a range of structures and vocabulary correctly rather than a limited number. For example, the candidate who writes:

will lose marks for being repetitive. You should therefore practise writing reports using a wide variety of terms to describe the different movements in the graphs and different structures to vary your writing.

Describing trends

Trends are changes or movements. These changes are normally expressed in numeric items, for example, population, production volumes or unemployment. There are three basic trends:

Expressing movement:  nouns and verbs

For each trend there are a number of verbs and nouns to express the movement.  We can use a verb of change, for example:

Or we can use a related  noun, for example:

Describing the movement:  adjectives and adverbs

Sometimes we need to give more information about a trend as follows:

Remember that we modify a noun with an adjective (a slight increase) and a verb with an adverb (to increase slightly).

Describing the degree of change

Adjectives	Adverbs
dramatic	dramatically
sharp	sharply
huge
enormous	enormously
steep	steeply
substantial	substantially
considerable	considerably
significant	significantly
marked	markedly
moderate	moderately
slight	slightly
small
minimal	minimally

Describing the speed of change

Adjectives	Adverbs
rapid	rapidly
quick	quickly
swift	swiftly
sudden	suddenly
steady	steadily
gradual	gradually
slow	slowly